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Understanding HTTP Live Streaming (HLS) HTTP Live Streaming (HLS) is an streaming protocol developed by Apple. It works by breaking down a video into small chunks (usually 2–10 seconds) and serving them over standard HTTP. A manifest file ( .m3u8 ) acts as the road map, telling the player which chunks to download based on the user's current internet speed. Core Components of an HLS Player
Once a variant is chosen, the player fetches its media playlist — a sequence of URIs pointing to 2–10 second video segments (usually .ts or fragmented MP4 files).