As a lugarteniente (lieutenant), he was privy to the internal deliberations of the cartel, witnessing the moral dilemmas and the ruthless pragmatism required to survive the wars against the state and the Cali Cartel. A Legacy of War
De Carpintero a Terrorista: El Ascenso de un Hombre de Confianza de Pablo Escobar As a lugarteniente (lieutenant), he was privy to